Sand & Aggregate Calculator India — Cft, Kg, Tonnes, Brass Conversion

Sand quantity depends on the application: for concrete (M20, 1 m³): ~660 kg of sand. For plastering (12mm, 1:6, per 100 sq ft): ~180 kg. For brickwork (1:6, 9 inch wall, per 100 sq ft): ~200 kg. Always specify the application to get accurate estimates.

River sand (loose): 1500–1600 kg/m³. Dry sand (compacted): 1600–1700 kg/m³. Wet sand: 1900–2000 kg/m³. Manufactured sand (M-sand): 1550–1650 kg/m³. Use 1600 kg/m³ as a standard value for calculation purposes.

Coarse aggregate (20mm crushed stone): loose 1400–1500 kg/m³, compacted 1550–1650 kg/m³. For calculation use 1600 kg/m³. Fine aggregate (10mm): 1500–1600 kg/m³. Gravel: 1700–1900 kg/m³ depending on moisture content.

1 tonne (1000 kg) of dry river sand ÷ 1600 kg/m³ = 0.625 m³ = 0.625 × 35.315 = 22 cubic feet. So 1 tonne of sand ≈ 22 cubic feet. For wet sand (1900 kg/m³): 1 tonne = 18.6 cubic feet.

River sand: naturally rounded grains, excellent workability, best quality. M-sand (manufactured): crushed granite, angular, high strength, eco-friendly, consistent quality, now mandated in several states. Pit sand: yellowish, coarser, used for filling and rough work — not ideal for plastering or concrete.

For M20 concrete slab (1:1.5:3): aggregate fraction = 3/5.5. For 1 m³ slab: dry volume = 1.54 m³. Aggregate volume = (3/5.5) × 1.54 = 0.84 m³ = 0.84 × 1600 = 1344 kg ≈ 1.34 tonnes per cubic metre of M20 concrete.

20mm crushed aggregate is standard for slabs, beams, and columns. 10mm aggregate is used for thin sections and congested reinforcement. For roads and heavy pavements, 40mm aggregate is used. DO NOT use rounded river gravel for structural concrete — use angular crushed stone only.

One brass = 100 cubic feet. For a 2BHK (800–1000 sq ft) construction: approximately 30–50 brass of sand total for foundation, plaster, brickwork, and concrete. This varies widely by structural type, soil conditions, and design. Get estimates from local contractor for your specific project.

River sand: ₹40–₹80 per cft depending on location and availability (restricted in many states). M-sand: ₹35–₹60 per cft. Manufactured aggregate: ₹30–₹50 per cft. Prices vary significantly by state, season, and transport distance. In some states with sand mining bans, prices can be 2–3× higher.

For plain cement concrete (M10, 1:3:6) in foundation: for 1 m³ wet concrete, dry volume = 1.54 m³. Total parts = 10. Aggregate = (6/10) × 1.54 = 0.924 m³ = 0.924 × 1600 = 1478 kg per cubic metre. For a 100mm thick PCC pad (1m × 1m): 0.1 m³ × 1478 = 148 kg aggregate.

Bulk density: mass per unit volume including air voids between particles (1500–1700 kg/m³). Specific gravity: ratio of material density to water density. For sand, specific gravity ≈ 2.65 (density = 2650 kg/m³ solid). The difference explains why bulk density is much lower than solid density.

For a 5m × 3m × 0.1m (150mm thick) concrete driveway: volume = 1.5 m³. Using M20 mix: sand = ~660 kg = ~18 cft. Aggregate = ~1200 kg = ~26 cft. Cement = ~400 kg = 8 bags. This is for concrete only — add base gravel (sub-base) separately at 150mm depth.

Yes. "Jelly", "grit", "bajri", and "aggregate" are regional names for coarse aggregate in India. 20mm means all stone pieces pass through a 20mm sieve. 10mm jelly passes through 10mm sieve. Same material, different regional terminology. Always confirm the sieve size with your supplier.

For a 1000 sq ft (93 m²) RCC slab, 125mm thick: concrete volume = 11.6 m³. M20 aggregate needed = 11.6 × 0.84 m³/m³ = 9.74 m³ = 155 cft = 15,584 kg ≈ 15.6 tonnes. Plus PCC base concrete if required.

Compaction factor (CF) = weight of partially compacted concrete ÷ weight of fully compacted concrete. CF of 0.95 indicates good workability, 0.85 = medium, 0.75 = dry mix. This affects how much aggregate is actually placed per m³. Calculator uses standard nominal values.

Angular aggregate (crushed stone): has rough texture, provides better interlocking and bond with cement paste. Higher strength concrete. Rounded aggregate (natural gravel): smooth surface, lower bond, better workability. IS 456 requires angular crushed aggregate for all structural concrete above M20.

M10 (1:3:6): 924 kg aggregate per m³. M15 (1:2:4): 878 kg/m³. M20 (1:1.5:3): 836 kg/m³. M25 (1:1:2): 770 kg/m³. Higher grade concrete uses higher cement ratio and proportionally less aggregate. These are nominal mix values; design mix uses optimized proportions for target strength.

Void ratio is the volume of voids between sand particles. River sand void ratio: 30–40%. Higher voids = more cement paste needed to fill gaps = higher cement consumption. Well-graded sand (mix of particle sizes) has lower voids (25–30%), is more economical, and produces stronger, denser concrete.

Measure inside dimensions of the truck body: length (L) × width (W) × depth of material (D) in feet. Volume = L × W × D in cubic feet. Standard medium truck carries 150–200 cft (3–4 m³). A full 5-tonne truck = approximately 5000/1600 = 3.1 m³ = 110 cft of dry river sand.

Aggregate is sold by the cubic metre (m³) or tonne in wholesale. Locally, it is often sold by the "load" (truck capacity). Common units: brass = 100 cft, cft = cubic foot, m³ = cubic metre. 1 brass = 100 cft = 2.83 m³. Always clarify units with your supplier.